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Discount rate buildup, band of investment, levered vs unlevered returns, IRR and equity multiples, sensitivity analysis, ground leases, partial interests, and reconciling income conclusions with other approaches. Professional valuation practice; not legal or tax advice.
Stabilized NOI, rent roll normalization, above- and below-market leases, expense recoveries, replacement reserves, cap rate selection, yield capitalization, and introductory DCF with reversion. Practice-oriented; not legal or tax advice.
Foundations of the income approach: potential and effective gross income, vacancy, operating expenses, net operating income (NOI), capitalization rates, and direct capitalization. Practice-oriented valuation concepts; not legal or tax advice.
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